DNA Homework 2

Nucleic Acids & Mechanism of Genetics
1. Describe components of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and illustrate how
information for specifying the traits of an organism is carried in the DNA

2. Explain replication, transcription, and translation using models of DNA and
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
DNA and RNA

1. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is along molecule comprised of four bases: ______,
______, ______, and ______.
2. Of the four DNA bases, ______ bonds to thymine and ______ bonds to guanine.
3. Cells use strands of nucleic acids called ______ to synthesize proteins based on DNA
sequences.
4. In RNA, ______ replaces thymine as the base that bonds to adenine.
5. ______ is a six-protein enzyme that unzips the double-stranded DNA during
transcription.
6. Portions of the RNA strand that are integral to its purpose are called ______, while the
unnecessary segments hat are removed are called ______.
7. The straight chain of amino acids is called the ______ structure of the protein.
8. A ______ is a three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that specifies a particular amino
acid or termination signal and functions as the basic unit of the genetic code.
______.
9. All living things have either ______ or ______ as their genetic material.
10. The shape of DNA is called a ______ , and is comprised of two strands that coil
around each other.
11. The bonds responsible for base-base pairing in DNA are ______ bonds.
12. While DNA takes the form of a double helix, RNA is a ______ strand of bases.
13. ______ refers to the process by which mRNA is made from a DNA template.
14. The ______ is a small segment of DNA that tells the RNA polymerase where to begin
transcription.
15. ______ is the process by which proteins are synthesized.
16. ______ and ______ are two kinds of organelles that have their own DNA.
17. An ______ is a kind of protein that acts like a catalyst; it drives a reaction toward its
equilibrium state
as quickly as possible.
18. During ______, all of the unnecessary parts of the RNA sequence are removed.
Answers
1. adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine
2. adenine, cytosine
3. RNA
4. uracil
5. RNA polymerase
6. exons, introns
7. primary
8. codon
9. DNA or RNA
10. double helix
12. hydrogen
12. single
13. transcription
14. promoter region
15. translation
16. mitochondria and chloroplasts
17. enzyme
18. RNA processing

http://www.roomd113.com/Taks%20Assignments/Nucleic%20Acids.pdf

DNA/RNA Tutorial

http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=63&mcid=&l=